So, what is needed in case your DME/DDE needs replaced or is fried? One way is to go to the dealer and pay a couple of thousand dollars to purchase brand new DME/DDE to fix the problem. If the passwords don't match, the injectors will not open. Whenever a person tries to start the car, the DME/DDE checks the ISN stored inside it with the one stored inside the EWS/CAS/FEM. The way these systems work is by having the same password in the EWS/CAS/FEM and DME/DDE systems. And on latest models FEM (Front Electronic Module) module is responsible for that function. However lately, the EWS has become part of the CAS Module (Car Access System). In early models, the system responsible for security in BMW cars was called EWS (Elektronische Wegfahr Sperre).
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